Human Body – Page 84

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Why Your Knuckles Pop

July 10, 2006

Science reporter Corey Binns occasionally decorates LiveScience with articles about the human body that are informational as well as amusing. His latest is about cracking knuckles and creaking joints. We have four kinds of joints (pivot, ball-and-socket, sliding and hinge), which he illustrates with diagrams that look like machinery. The pops and creaking noises, he […]

Human Body

Evolving Consciousness Without a Soul

July 7, 2006

A paper tackling the theory of consciousness begins, Any scientific study of consciousness is based on the premise that phenomenal experience is entailed by neuronal activity in the brain. Given this premise, an adequate theory of consciousness must be consistent with physics and with evolutionary principles. Nonphysical or dualistic forces or processes must be excluded, […]

Health

Rip Van Winkle Revives

July 3, 2006

A man in a coma 19 years has regained some brain function, surprising scientists. Terry Wallis is relearning how to count and speak, and thinks Ronald Reagan is still president. The story of his remarkable recovery has been reported widely in the news (see Fox News) and was featured on both News@Nature and Science Now. […]

Amazing Facts

Reach Out and Touch Some Robot

June 13, 2006

The news media were excited to report an advance in materials science last week that could pave the way for touchy-feely robots (see BBC News, News @ Nature, LiveScience and National Geographic News, for instance). Two scientists produced a thin film with touch resolution comparable to that of a human finger, an order of magnitude […]

Dumb Ideas

Stupid Evolution Quote of the Week: Handy Dandy Modus Operandi

June 2, 2006

Charles G. Gross and Asif A. Ghazanfar win the prize for this gem in Science1 from a book review of The Sensory Hand by Vernon B. Mountcastle (Harvard, 2006): In one of the first systematic attempts to describe the differences between primates and other mammals, Thomas Huxley argued that the former are distinguished by virtue […]

Human Body

Comparing Preferences for Pain or Gain

May 3, 2006

A group of researchers published in the Journal of Political Economy introduced the idea economic loss and gain incentives are innate, not learned. To demonstrate this concept, the researchers presented capuchin monkeys two opportunities leading to two different outcomes for the monkey: pain or gain. The capuchin monkeys had a tendency to choose the opportunity […]

Human Body

Can We Not Perform Similar Functions?

May 3, 2006

Researchers from King’s College London claim their data evidences the “Human [thyroid] gland probably evolved from gills.”1 According to speculation, gills were internalized as the thyroid gland when marine life evolved into land animals. The possibility for this comes from the similar functions of gills and of the gland: both act as calcium level controls. […]

Health

No Pain, No Gain Explained: Lactic Acid Supercharges Your Engines

April 21, 2006

The old paradigm: lactic acid buildup during exercise is like poison to your muscles, producing stiffness and agony. The new paradigm: lactic acid is your friend, a fuel additive that helps keep your mitochondrial motors in top-notch condition. Read all about it in a press release from UC Berkeley. What are you waiting for? It’s […]

Amazing Facts

In Praise of Fat

March 6, 2006

Well, great balls of fat. Cells have spherical globs of lipid (fat) molecules that never had gotten much attention nor respect. They have been called lipid droplets, oil bodies, fat globules and other names suggesting they were just the beer bellies of the cell. Not any more. Scientists have been taking a closer look at […]

Amazing Facts

Why You Have Snail Shells in Your Ears

February 28, 2006

The inner ear has a part, the cochlea, that resembles a snail shell. Why is that? First, let’s talk about iPods and stereos. In recent years, manufacturers have hyped “mega-bass” and other buzzwords that boast about how their devices beef up the bass frequency for that sound that rocks. Scientists have wondered if the cochlea […]

Human Body

Space Travel Too Hazardous for Humans

February 1, 2006

Astronomy magazine’s March 2006 issue contains a couple of sobering articles for those who like to dream of humans mastering the universe. Asking “Will moon dust stop NASA?”, Trudy E. Bell described the dangers of space dust: “it sticks to spacesuits, wreaks havoc on equipment, and may be physically harmful,” she wrote, citing the experiences […]

Early Man

Where Did Humans Learn Geometry?

January 22, 2006

In Plato’s dialogue Meno, Socrates illustrated his view that certain foundations of knowledge are innate rather than learned.1 He took an untutored slave boy and, with a series of sketches in the sand, got the boy to deduce the Pythagorean Theorem by his own reasoning (see Encarta). In a modern version, Harvard scientists […]

Amazing Facts

Why Your Brain Has Gray Matter, and Why You Should Use It

January 13, 2006

Vertebrate brains have an outer layer of “gray matter” over the inner “white matter.” Why is this? “By borrowing mathematical tools from theoretical physics,” a press release from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory announced, two researchers found out. Based on no fewer than 62 mathematical equations and expressions, the theory provides a possible explanation for the […]

Human Body

These Feet Were Made for Walking (and Running)

January 5, 2006

We usually walk or run. When walking, we roll from heel to arch to toe and rock our arms back and forth. When running, we bounce up and down slightly while pumping our arms. Did you know that many other gaits are possible? Why do we use only two? A team of specialists in bio-robotics […]

Human Body

How You Tune In

December 5, 2005

Studies on rats have shown there are certain neurons that respond to changes in the background sound (see LiveScience story on MSNBC News). We humans probably have these, too. Rather than firing continuously, they search for changes in the auditory landscape that might be of interest: changes in pitch, loudness or duration in single sounds […]

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