Biology – Page 130

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How to Translate Darwinese

March 6, 2008

A unique culture has sprung up around evolutionary biology. Since evolutionary theory encompasses far more than just change in living species (touching on, for instance, ultimate origins, the nature of humanity and the destiny of the universe), its supporters sometimes get a little carried away in their language. The tendency in science reporting to embellish […]

Birds

Darwin for the Birds

March 4, 2008

Here’s a flock of bird stories that have Charles Darwin on stage or in the wings, so to speak. Was Darwin wrong? Yes! Contra National Geographic (10/24/2004), the science news outlets are all saying today that Darwin was wrong – but only about the origin of chickens (see EurekAlert #1, EurekAlert #2 and Science Daily). […]

Amazing Facts

Cool Bat Tricks

March 1, 2008

Bats put on a dazzling air show. Science Daily revealed that the acrobatic mammals have magnetic instruments. Somehow, they are able to use the magnetite in their cells as navigational aids. Scientists from Leeds University and Princeton conducted experiments on large brown bats. They were able to steer the bats off course by issuing magnetic […]

Amazing Facts

Prevent Drought: Hire a Beaver

February 25, 2008

“Beavers can help ease drought,” say scientists from University of Alberta. EurekAlert published a press release about a 54-year study that showed beaver kept open water wetlands available. They seem to even mitigate the effects of global warming. “Climate models predict the incidence of drought in parts of North America will increase in frequency and […]

Mammals

Oldest Bat Fossil: Was It Evolving?

February 16, 2008

A bat fossil surpassing the previous record holder for the oldest by 2 million years made the cover of Nature this week.1 The news media immediately began saying that it provided insight into evolution. The BBC News announced “Bat fossil solves evolution poser.” National Geographic called it the icing on the cake, and said that […]

Amazing Facts

Migrating Birds Measure Longitude

February 13, 2008

Migrating birds are able to get back on course, even when released 1000 km east of their normal migration path. This shows that long-distance migrating birds are capable of true bicoordinate navigation: the ability to make course corrections both in latitude and longitude. The results of experiments, published in Current Biology,1 left the researchers baffled: […]

Genetics

Animals from Junk by Chance

February 12, 2008

How to build an animal: throw junk DNA at it. That seems to be the latest idea on where higher animals came from. A press release from University of Bristol posted on Science Daily and EurekAlert announced, “‘Junk DNA’ Can Explain Origin And Complexity Of Vertebrates, Study Suggests.” The basic idea, coming from […]

Amazing Facts

Did Birds Evolve Aeronautical Engineering?

February 8, 2008

Two news stories on birds may not seem to flock together. One is about their supreme aeronautical engineering. The other ponders when they evolved. A story on EurekAlert and Science Daily describes how engineers are eyeing birds, bats and insects for design ideas. The appeal is clear from the following comparisons: A Blackbird […]

Dumb Ideas

Indebted to Darwin

February 7, 2008

Britain’s Food Standards Agency is concerned about diminishing fish stocks and is asking citizens to consume less, reported The Telegraph. This can only mean one thing, thinks Ulf Dieckmann (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis in Austria): it’s come time to pay the piper. Who is the piper, you ask? Answer: Charles Darwin. Dr Dieckmann […]

Amazing Facts

Nose Code Rockets Smell Discrimination

February 1, 2008

You have a code in your nose. Scientists working on fruit fly olfactory systems have found that a mapping mechanism between components maximizes the fly’s ability to discriminate smells. The coding system provides a non-linear response that appears finely tuned to maximize the information content of odor inputs. The components of this system […]

Biomimetics

A Step Closer to Gecko Adhesive

January 30, 2008

Scientists are getting closer to imitating the amazing wall-climbing ability of geckos. Science Daily reports that a team from UC Berkeley manufactured tape with hard polymer fibers just 600 nanometers across that mimic the spatulae on gecko feet. This latest attempt at imitating the gecko works only on smooth, clean surfaces, but requires […]

Amazing Facts

A Pitcher of Health, and Reasons to Love Slime

January 28, 2008

Pitcher plants contain chemicals that just might help medicine and agriculture, reported PhysOrg. A Japanese team found a myriad of interesting proteins in this “evolutionary marvel,” a plant that eats insect meat. Now for some slimy good news. PhysOrg said, “You know algae. It’s the gunk that collects on the sides of a […]

Fossils

Horseshoe Crabs Unchanged Since Ordovician

January 28, 2008

A fossil horseshoe crab has been discovered in Canada that pushes back their origins at least 100 million years in the evolutionary timetable. The previous record placed these marine arthropods in the Carboniferous (350 million years BP in the geologic column); others were known from the Jurassic. “Both the Carboniferous and the Jurassic fossil discoveries […]

Birds

Do Chicks Tell Dinosaur Tales?

January 25, 2008

For years, evolutionary biologists have battled over the origin of flight. Did dinosaurs run along the ground and take off, or did they jump from trees? The first idea is called the cursorial hypothesis; the latter, the arboreal hypothesis. In 2003, Ken Dial [U Montana] had an idea: maybe watching partridge chicks could inform the […]

Amazing Facts

Butterfly Wings Flash Shiny Optical Tricks

January 22, 2008

You can get brilliant colors without pigment if you build patterns near the wavelengths of light. Butterflies have the trick down to a science. Their wings shimmer and shine with brilliant colors produced by nanostructures that scientists want to imitate. Science Daily told how butterflies and moths, even the white-winged varieties, use nanostructures […]

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